Manila/ Terra/ Environment

Good Food Comunity: Working with Filipino Farmers for a Fairer Food System

About seventeen years ago, in 2007, farmers of the Higaonon indigenous group in Sumilao, Bukidnon, marched from Mindanao to Manila for 60 days in a bid to reclaim 144 hectares of ancestral land that was meant to be apportioned to them through the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP). At the time, the land had already been sold by the Quisumbing clan to San Miguel Foods Inc. (SMFI), which had turned portions of the area into a hog farm.

"Walk for Land, Walk for Justice," as it was called, spanned 1,700 kilometers and earned nationwide support from the public, local government units, and the church. It was a historic and victorious non-violent campaign for the farmers, compelling then-President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo (GMA) to sign an executive order nullifying a 1995 Malacañang decision that converted the contested ancestral land for agro-industrial use. This allowed the farmers, finally, to reclaim the land that was rightfully theirs.

Good Food Community
Good Food Community

Charlene Tan, founder of the Good Food Community, remembers the Sumilao walk vividly – and it's an event that has stuck with her ever since.

The bright-eyed Tan, a graduate of Civil Engineering from the University of the Philippines (UP), Diliman, was working for an NGO then, at a time when people around her were also getting into “sustainable development."

"Witnessing the Sumilao march through pictures and stories over a decade ago moved me so much so that I wanted us all to pay attention and do something about this grave injustice," she told The Beat Asia.

Tan and her prayer community pooled their resources and skills to establish the not-for-profit social enterprise Good Food Community, where they work together with smallholder Filipino farmers from partner farming communities to provide organic, seasonal produce through community-shared agriculture (CSA).

Tan shared she fell in love with the solidarity economy model of CSA (also known as community-supported agriculture in other countries), which underscores the crucial relationship between farmer and “eater.”

Under Good Food Community, eaters or consumers commit to support and purchase the farmers' harvest through a subscription. These sets of produce are then delivered to households on a one-time or weekly basis. On one hand, smallholder farmers are able to earn a better living through regular purchases and fair, fixed prices agreed upon by dialogue, which protect them from the uncertainties of the market and from having to engage in "bagsak presyo" setups. On the other, eaters throughout the metro are nourished by the farmers' organic, biodiverse, and ethically-grown produce – and learn along the way to eat according to the seasons.

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Yet the concept of CSA doesn't just limit itself to the economics of the work. According to Tan, the "why" behind their philosophy to work towards a better food system for all also needs to be surfaced.

"We believe a lot of our crises today are rooted in the systemic violence of capitalism, which privatizes food production, puts the market ahead of human needs, and alienates us from the ecological base upon which we all depend," she said. "Who does this food system work for? Certainly not our farmers, and it doesn’t seem like it’s working for eaters, either."

She likened the alternative people-based system of CSA to the Filipino communal concept of "bayanihan" but for food – one that also aims to erase the alienation between farmer and eater to allow for a more meaningful relationship to emerge: partnership.

"The cultural infrastructure of our lives is ill-equipped to receive the gift of what the farmers offer. All this on top of a huge disconnection psychologically, physically, culturally to what farmers go through,” she added. "Farmers and us, no doubt, needed a practice and culture of self-organization. It’s clear that they need each other in so many ways but have been accustomed by industry to be alienated from each other, to trade individually."

Good Food Community Partner Farmers
Website/Good Food Community

Challenges of Being Counter-Culture

Tan admitted that what Good Food Community offers is "very counter-culture." Aside from the challenges in communicating to a wider market the ethos behind CSA, their system also doesn't really match the usual "market-pandering forms" nor follow the modes of charity.

It has also been a struggle to stay afloat. Good Food Community doesn't raise the prices of its produce and CSA “farmshare” subscriptions too high so these could remain accessible.

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The revenue side of things, she said, is a difficult sell. Meanwhile, every expense is "a labor of love and community." Working with diverse farmers, promoting and marketing, managing transactions, paying the farmers, packing perishable vegetables, and transporting produce – all of these take a village to carry out, and rely on the goodwill and hardiness of various actors and partners.

"There’s the idea of patient capital, though. And in our case, we believe in patiently building social capital. If we want to transform our food system, we need to pay attention to process as much as results, we need to grow at [a] people-based pace. There has been immense profit, to be honest, it’s just not accumulated by the few and it’s just not financial."

Milestones and Beyond

When Good Food Community was just starting out, Tan shared that one of the immediate challenges she saw that affected smallholder farmers was the lack of state infrastructure to support them to grow organic produce. These ranged from where farmers can get seeds and lack of capital to purchase farm implements to the absence of a marketplace for eaters to support their harvest, and the problem of transporting their wares, among others.

Striking a balance between advocating for smallholder farmers and engaging with the public to support CSA has not been easy, as well.

"I’ve gone out of balance multiple times,” she said. “I think the financial situation and relationship design is a good balancing tool.”

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Smallholder farmers have more to gain if Good Food Community can sell their produce more and represent them faithfully, as per Tan. Meanwhile, eaters will also benefit if they are consistently delivered fresh and quality produce.

"Over time, theoretically, the balance is found when both farmers and consumers see themselves as part of this larger revolution that will benefit us all."

Amid these challenges, however, much has also been gained, from small wins to big ones. For one, having Good Food Community's main office in Cubao means they are able to consolidate the produce from various smallholder farmers more comfortably. The installment of a walk-in chiller just before the pandemic lockdowns also allowed them to keep the produce fresh during cooler or more humid conditions and deliver to more households.

During a time when Good Food Community ran out of subscribers, Tan turned to her friend Mabi David for help, which led to the creation of Good Food Sundays, a weekly Sunday market of local goods held at Mandala Park in Mandaluyong. David eventually joined the team as its advocacy lead.

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Good Food Community has also been supporting urban poor communities in Quezon City through its "solidarity shares,” allowing eaters to support urban gardens, a community kitchen, and a resiliency fund for farmers. Today, Good Food Community has partnered with restaurants and chefs who want to directly work with farmers, which helps sustain their revenue when subscriptions are thin.

Good Food Community and Good Food Sundays kicked off 2024 with a slew of events, from talks on women and well-being, to positive workplaces, as well as food and community. There are also painting and poetry workshops, solidarity yoga, reading sessions, weekend busking, and more.

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This year, Tan and the Good Food Community team have big goals and hopes for their partner farming communities and members.

"We would like our farmers to be able to situate themselves in a larger organic farming community and movement, to feel nourished by and to contribute to," she said. "We’d like our community members in the city to feel hopeful and empowered as agents of change in our food system. We’d like to build regular self-organizing spaces where community members can practice collective care."

Follow Good Food Community on Facebook and Instagram to learn more about their work and upcoming events. Subscribe to a CSA Farmshare here!

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This Week's Event In Manila View more

This Week's Event In Manila

Manila/ Terra/ Sustainability
Gulay Pa More Fiesta Is Happening on May 25 – And Here’s What to Expect
Gulay Pa More 2024 Photo by Facebook/Gulay Pa More

Hey, foodies and health-conscious folks! There’s a veggie pop-up happening in Quezon City for one day only. Called “Gulay Pa More Fiesta,” the one-time pop-up is slated to take place from 10 AM to 7 PM on May 25 at the AS Parking Lot in UP Diliman.

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Putting a highlight on local and indigenous crops, the event will feature a wet market full of organic fruits and vegetables, artisanal items, native products, and more to stock up your pantry at home. There will also be food merchants presenting food inventions using local ingredients.

Get familiar with Filipino veganism, how vegetables are used in cooking, and the importance of keeping Filipino food heritage alive at the learning sessions with experts, or explore the health and wellness booths around the venue to help improve your lifestyle.

For those who want to stay active or looking to learn new skills, you can participate in community cooking, tree walks, and more! And if you have kids tagging along, they can join the art workshops specially established for the little ones.

To keep the festive vibes, there will be music and other celebratory activities throughout the day. Open to the public, the organizers are inviting you to celebrate the reclaiming of the abundance of Philippine flora towards sustainable food systems.

The event is made possible in partnership with the Good Food Community, Agroecology X, Gulay Na, Lokalpedia, Masipag, and the Poverty Reduction Through Social Entrepreneurship Coalition.

Follow Gulay Pa More’s Facebook page for more updates.

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Manila/ Terra/ Nature
Fighting for a Better World with Climate Justice Activist Mitzi Jonelle Tan
Mitzi Jonelle Tan 2

Twenty-six-year-old Mitzi Jonelle Tan has always felt a deep connection with nature, long before she even discovered activism and knew what climate change was.

An only child, Tan regarded the trees as her friends when she was growing up and often turned to them to find her way. But as a Gen Z who grew up amid the climate crisis, she has also experienced firsthand the effects of disasters, like typhoons and floods, and how her life and her loved ones’ lives would be upended whenever these would strike.

One typhoon years ago, the name of which she can no longer recall, left her feeling hollow.

"After what felt like days spent in the unknown, in the darkness because there was no electricity, we went out to get groceries again. We saw that all the trees were uprooted," she told The Beat Asia in an interview. "I felt very lost because they were my way of telling directions, they were my way of finding how to get to places, so I truly felt very lost. All my friends were gone."

College was a defining moment for Tan, who entered the University of the Philippines (UP) Diliman as an apolitical teenager.

In 2017, UP Diliman served as host to the displaced Lumad (non-Muslim indigenous peoples from Mindanao), Moros (Muslim indigenous groups), and other national minorities for their Lakbayan caravan, where they trooped to the capital to voice out the injustices committed to them: from the destruction and militarization of their ancestral lands and schools to the continued harassment and attacks against their leaders.

During this event, Tan encountered a Datu (a Moro leader) and their conversation about their people's plight calcified her resolve to become an activist: "We had no choice [but] to join the struggle for our environmental defenders and activists,” she said.

Tan eventually graduated with a Bachelor of Science in Mathematics in 2019 just before the pandemic hit – a trivia that not many people know, according to her, because it isn't really that connected to her work as a climate justice activist. Being a fresh graduate then, she had to make a choice between getting a "real" job or pursuing climate justice activism full-time. She chose the latter, which prompted many questions and concerns from her parents, her dad, especially, who didn't seem too keen on her choice, initially.

"My dad would talk to [my mom] and be like, 'What is she doing? [Why] is she becoming an activist?' And my mom would say, 'Where else would she have picked that up except you?' because my dad was an activist during the time of martial law," she explained.

Today, Tan shared her relationship with her parents has gotten better; time has transformed their apprehensions into support – as long as she regularly updates them about what she's up to and her whereabouts.

Climate Justice Activist Mitzi Jonelle Tan
Photo by Mitzi Jonelle Tan

Working with the Grassroots, Speaking to the World

As the international spokesperson and convenor of Youth Advocates for Climate Action Philippines (YACAP), the Fridays for Future (FFF) of the Philippines, Tan has definitely been up to a lot of things as of late.

In 2021, she took to London and joined Sweden’s Greta Thunberg and other youth climate justice activists to protest outside the offices of Standard Chartered Bank, which is known for funding the most fossil fuel companies in the Philippines.

In 2022, she joined the Global Day of Climate Action at the 27th Conference of the Parties of the UNFCCC (COP 27). With a megaphone in hand, she talked about the plight of the Philippines as one of the most climate-vulnerable countries in the world, and one of the most dangerous countries for environmental defenders and activists.

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She also spoke at the Global Climate Action closing plenary at COP28 last December, sharing her dream of a fossil-free world where our planet and its people matter more than profit.

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Having had the opportunities to speak on global platforms about climate justice, Tan remains grounded by the challenges that surround climate justice in the Philippines, such as the lack of institutionalized climate education pushing for policy and systemic change, the public’s alienation from the issue due to technical language, and the difficulty in getting more visibility in mainstream media, among others.

Because she and fellow activists engage with grassroots and underserved communities, Filipino and other Philippine languages are used to communicate their advocacy’s message and make it accessible. Farmers and fisherfolk communities, in her observation, understand climate change better because of their life's proximity to nature. According to her, farmers who have been farming for generations are aware of the unnatural changes in the weather and seasons and are alarmed by these, while the fisherfolk know of the rising sea levels and the marine ecosystem. Urban poor communities are also aware of climate change because of the floods in their area and would know when there is drought because vulnerable populations like the children and elderly would get heatstroke.

For her, it's crucial first to get people interested enough to learn about climate change and climate justice. At its essence, she explained that climate justice is about feeling safe from an exploitative and extractive system, a condition where people don't ever have to worry about what they’re going to eat tomorrow or fear that their houses would be washed away during a typhoon's onslaught.

"Climate justice is about choosing life over death and understanding that everything we have ever loved and will ever love is on this planet. Wouldn't we do everything that we can to protect what we love and to make sure that it flourishes, that it lives, that we are able to enjoy it? And I think that is how we get people to tap into [it], 'Okay, this is something I should care about' and then we go into the more scientific, educational stuff.”

Anti-Imperialist Climate Justice Activism

For one to understand the climate crisis, one must also realize that the crisis is not an atomized, separate problem but one that's connected to other global issues such as colonialism, capitalism, and imperialism, as well as many injustices that concern class, gender, race, and ethnicity, among others.

In fact, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), for the first time, identified the historical and ongoing patterns of colonialism as among the drivers of climate change in its Sixth Assessment Report in 2022.

The Philippines is no stranger to colonialism, having a long history of colonization at the hands of the Spaniards, the Japanese, and the Americans. At one point, the British also occupied Manila from 1762-1764 before handing over the country back to Spain. Notably, the Philippines also ranks 17th in the world among countries most affected by extreme weather events, according to the 2021 Global Climate Risk Index. The country is likewise identified by the World Bank and Asian Development Bank (ADB)’s 2021 Climate Risk Country Profile as having "some of the highest disaster risk levels in the world, and these are projected to intensify as the climate changes."

According to Tan, the climate issue cannot be divorced from politics and other systemic issues pervading the world.

"[The IPCC report] names colonialism as a reason behind countries being more vulnerable to the climate crisis because we just haven't been able to develop or we're not permitted to develop as much. So, we can't separate the environment from the rest of the world, from politics, because politics is what brought us to this environment," she said.

"It all comes from the seed of believing [there’s] an ‘Other’ [and] that isn't real... [These] all come from the same root of greed, of [the] accumulation of power and capital over either women or nature or the working class or people of color, seeing all of these [humans] as just resources to use."

Joy and Love in the Struggle

Take a scroll on Tan's Instagram account, and one can glean that the climate justice activist is a fan of the late author and social critic Gloria Jean Watkins, popularly known by her pen name "bell hooks.”

Her book, "All About Love," investigates the various forms and ways of love’s manifestation, offering new perspectives to readers on how to think about and situate love and passion in contemporary life.

Tan is certain of the fact that love is where her activism is rooted. And just as there is anger and sadness in the fight against climate change, there is also space for joy and community to coexist and thrive.

"All of it is [about] understanding that fighting for climate justice is a fight for life. Life as in being able to enjoy life, being able to love life,” she shared. “I think love is how you win the revolution.”

As for young Filipinos who want to be involved and take the first step in climate justice activism, she believes that one just has to start, even if one may think they don't know enough. She added that the youth must also find a group to share the struggle with and, just as importantly, to never forget to enjoy the process.

"We can recognize the suffering but also still enjoy the moments of community because we need to do both. We need to bring down the oppressive structures, but we also need to rebuild and build a better world," she said.

"We're not starting from scratch. The Philippines has a long, long history of fighting against colonizers [and] fighting for justice. Somewhere in your family, there's probably someone who went up against something, and so really tapping into that, feeling that, and knowing that you're not alone helps a lot."

The interview has been edited for length and clarity. To keep updated on Mitzi and YACAP’s initiatives, follow her and the organization on Instagram!

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Manila/ Terra/ Nature
La Mesa Ecopark to Reopen in June With Refurbished Attractions
La Mesa Ecopark to Open Its Doors to the Public in June Photo by Website/Manila Water

Water utility company Manila Water has announced that Quezon City’s La Mesa Ecopark will reopen its doors this June in celebration of World Environment Day and Philippine Environment Month.

Prior to its reopening, the park will undergo rehabilitation helmed by Manila Water. The rehabilitation will be carried out with approval from the Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System (MWSS) and Quezon City (QC) local government.

The said rehabilitation will be done in phases, with Phase 1 focusing on the repairs of the park’s Eco Academy Pavilion, team building activity centers, and the museum. The souvenir shop, picnic areas, and viewing deck will also get a makeover for the visitors to enjoy.

Meanwhile, Phases 2 and 3 will continue during the park’s opening in June.

“The La Mesa Ecopark will be a place to commune with nature without traveling far. Aligning with global conservation principles, each visit will be an immersion and appreciation of biodiversity in the city,” said Manila Water President Jocot de Dios in a press release.

La Mesa Ecopark closed in early February this year after the non-profit organization ABS-CBN Foundation ended its stewardship of the park and returned its management to the MWSS.

This year’s World Environment Day will take place on June 5. Stay tuned for updates regarding La Mesa Ecopark’s reopening by visiting Manila Water’s Facebook, Instagram, or X (formerly Twitter) pages.

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Manila/ Terra/ Sustainability
Explainer: Why Do Rotational Brownouts Happen Especially During Summer?
Explainer Why Do Rotational Brownouts Happen Especially During Summer

Summer is here again! A beach getaway or a visit to water parks is a must to keep the whole family cool amid the hot weather. On the flip side, summer is a struggle for homebodies or indoor enthusiasts with the prolonged daytime coupled with rising temperatures. Not to mention the rotational brownouts that throw us a curveball in this inferno-like heat.

This problem isn't exactly breaking news anymore, but have you ever wondered what's causing it?

Several residents in the Manila Electric Railroad and Light Company (Meralco) franchise area should anticipate service interruptions starting this April due to several reasons. These include line maintenance, pole installations, line reconstruction and reconductoring works, and relocation of facilities.

On Feb. 26, Meralco reassured its customers that it had sufficient electric reserves in anticipation of the heightened demand this summer, GMA News Online reported. According to the electric utility provider, South Premiere Power Corporation, a subsidiary of San Miguel Corporation secured the bid to supply the 1,200 megawatts (MW) baseload requirement of the power distribution company.

During the summer of 2020, just when the pandemic hit and almost everyone was cooped up at home, various areas were affected by power interruptions. There were 52 tripping events, of which 46 were momentary and six were sustained power outages, according to a report by Philstar on May 11, 2020.

These service disruptions impacted 608,253 customers within Metro Manila, Cavite, and Bulacan. According to Meralco, extreme heat was the main reason for rotational brownouts every summer as the heat index reached over 40 degrees Celsius (°C) exacerbated by higher usage of household appliances.

Based on the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration’s (PAGASA) heat index information, the extreme warmth that we endure can be measured using the level of relative humidity and air temperature. It is classified into four categories: Caution (27-32°C), Extreme Caution (33-41°C), Danger (42-51°C), and Extreme Danger (52°C and above). To learn more about the possible effects of each heat level, click here.

Last March 28, Makati City recorded a “dangerous” heat index, reaching 45.1°C around 3:49 PM.

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Moreover, there were nine more areas that also soared to the “danger” level of heat index on March 26. These include Roxas City in Capiz (44°C), San Jose in Occidental Mindoro (44 °C), Butuan and Iloilo City (both at 43°C), Ninoy Aquino International Airport in Pasay, Cotabato City, Pili in Camarines Sur and Puerto Princesa, Palawan (all sweltering at 42 °C), according to a report by Philstar.

Manual Load Dropping

Manual load dropping, also known as rotational brownouts, refers to a temporary drop in voltage as the demand for electricity surges, which strains the power supply to a critical level. Electric power distribution companies, like Meralco, opt to curtail supply to less critical customers, particularly residential areas, to ensure adequate supply on the grid for commercial and industrial sectors.

The National Grid Corporation of the Philippines (NGCP) serves as the system operator that determines the grid status into three categories – white (sufficient supply), yellow (low supply and demand nearly critical), and red (limited or poor supply).

The power demand is measured depending on the heat index which means that for every 1°C increase in temperature, an additional 100 MW of energy usage would likely be needed, the Department of Energy (DOE) said via Rappler in 2021.

As of April 3, the NGCP’s power situation outlook showed a total of 14,035 MW available for generating capacity versus 11,458 MW in system peak demand, with an operating margin of 2,577 MW.

Energy Conservation

Despite earlier reports this year about the country’s sufficient power supply, the DOE forecasted that Luzon’s power grid may reach the “Yellow Alert” warning this summer period, affecting hydroelectric power plants, ABS CBN News reported.

In light of this, citizens and business sectors are encouraged to become more proactive towards energy-saving practices. With the goal of stabilizing the energy supply, Senator Win Gatchalian authored Republic Act 11285, known as the Energy Efficiency and Conservation Act (EE&C Act) in 2018.

As stipulated in the act, it institutionalizes “energy efficiency and conservation plans and programs to secure sufficiency and stability of energy supply in the country to cushion the impact of high prices of imported fuels to local markets and protect the environment in support of the economic and social development goals of the country.”

Under the EE&C Act, private entities operating in energy-intensive industries or those with high electricity and fuel usage must adhere to a limited energy consumption of at least 100,000 kilowatt-hour equivalent (kWhe) or more.

Given the tropical climate of the Philippines, air conditioning and cooling appliances are indispensable to most households and businesses. The energy consumption of an air conditioner increases by approximately 23% with each degree increase. To reduce consumption rate, make sure to turn on the thermostat, which can save you up to 7% of energy. Moreover, your cooling system should match the room it serves because the imbalance leads to a surge in power usage of up to 110%.

For refrigerators and freezers, it is recommended to purchase those with inverter technology for enhanced cost efficiency, with potential savings of P700 or more per month. Furthermore, it is advisable not to overload your unit, as it generates more energy to keep stored items cool.

According to Meralco, experts suggest filling your unit to about 70% of its capacity to maintain optimal air circulation and reduce the risk of spoilage. For more energy-saving tips, click here.

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Manila/ Terra/ Environment
El Niño and La Niña Phenomena: What Are They and Their Effects?
El Nino La Nina Explainer

Feeling hot, lately? You are not alone. El Niño has been present in the country since the latter half of 2023, and only became stronger and more mature as it persisted into 2024.

It is a phenomenon that has hogged the news headlines as of late, leaving many Philippine provinces and climate-sensitive sectors with droughts and dry spells. But what is El Niño, exactly, and what of its counterpart, La Niña?

The El Niño-Southern Oscillation

The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a naturally occurring climate phenomenon. It is the interaction between the atmosphere and ocean that results in variations in atmospheric pressure and sea-surface temperatures in the tropical Pacific.

El Niño and La Niña pertain to their oceanic components and the Southern Oscillation, the atmospheric component. ENSO happens in irregular periods of about every two to seven years and exhibits three phases, namely El Niño, La Niña, and neutral.

El Niño and La Niña are warring climate patterns that see the unusual warming or cooling of ocean temperatures, which result in drier- or wetter-than-average conditions. These, then, globally affect the weather, ecosystems, economies, health, access to water resources, and more, depending on El Niño or La Niña's intensity, duration, time of year it progressed, and its relation to other climate variability modes.

El Niño

El Niño La Niña Philippines

El Niño, characterized by the unnatural warming of surface waters, is associated with dry spells and droughts. Translating to "Little Boy" in Spanish, El Niño was once known as a local phenomenon in Peru and Ecuador among anchovy fishermen to describe the presence of warm ocean currents.

According to the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), this phenomenon temporarily resulted in large harvests of anchovies, but the abundance was short-lived as El Niño became stronger, diminishing the fish population.

Climatic indicators of El Niño, as per the agency, include delayed rainy season, early termination of the rainy season, a far tropical cyclone track, fewer tropical cyclones crossing the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR), and weak monsoon activity. In other words, you can expect the rainy season to start later than expected and be shorter than usual, with less rainfall, and fewer typhoons.

In the Philippines, the first quarter of the year saw near-average to warmer-than-average air temperatures experienced over most of the country due to El Niño. Way below to below-normal rainfall conditions were also experienced in most of the country in February, except for some areas in Mindanao, which saw near to above-normal rainfall conditions that led to flooding and rain-induced landslides. This March, several provinces in Luzon and the Visayas also experienced drought, dry spells, and dry conditions.

La Niña Watch

El Niño La Niña Philippines

La Niña, characterized by the unnatural cooling of sea-surface temperatures, means higher than normal rainfall can be expected.

PAGASA's advisory on March 7 also stated that El Niño has shown signs of petering out and is anticipated to last until the March-April-May 2024 season. It added that there's a 55% chance of La Niña developing during the June-July-August season, compelling the agency to raise its ENSO Alert and Warning System to La Niña Watch.

Impacts of El Niño and La Niña

Farmers El Niño La Niña Philippines

ENSO-related droughts and rainfalls brought on by El Niño and La Niña spare nobody, with the former's impacts notably evident in the agriculture sector.

In their infographic published via humanitarian information portal ReliefWeb on March 25, the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs showed that the ongoing El Niño has affected over 29,000 Filipino farmers, most especially those in the Western Visayas. More than 32,000 hectares of crop area were also affected by El Nino, 6,900 hectares of which have no chance of recovery. A production loss of 44,800 metric tons was also reported, comprising mainly of rice (64%), corn (18%), and other high-value crops (18%) — amounting to a value loss of P1.7 billion.

According to a 2019 report by the World Bank, "Striking a Balance: Managing El Niño and La Niña in Philippines' Agriculture," ENSO's impacts on agriculture also have implications on the economy, with strong El Niño events leading to losses in the national gross domestic product (GDP).

Net food-consuming households in urban areas also suffer welfare losses due to El Niño. With decreased crop yields, wages of farm laborers are also reduced, compelling workers to look for non-farm jobs for income.

Meanwhile, La Niña’s effects result in water abundance, such as flooding and other rain-induced disasters. It also adds about 25 "hot" days to the country annually, which can lead to heat stress on livestock and higher costs for producers.

While policy interventions do not entirely neutralize the losses brought on by ENSO events, the World Bank said that simulated interventions can work in bringing down welfare losses and curbing poverty increases.

"Simulations show that 5.1 million Filipinos fall into poverty during a strong El Niño event, but irrigation, cash transfers, and removing rice import quotas can mitigate this," the report said.

"In the most ambitious scenario, where all interventions are implemented together, the poverty headcount would actually decrease during a strong El Niño. This shows there is tremendous potential to implementing national policies related to ENSO."

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Manila/ Terra/ Sustainability
SB19's Pablo, WWF-Philippines Team Up for Earth Hour 2024 Celebration
Catch SB19s Pablo at Earth Hour 2024 Celebration This March Photo by WWF-Philippines

The biggest hour for the planet is just around the corner! In celebration of Earth Hour 2024, the City of Manila and the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) Philippines are hosting the annual switch-off event, featuring P-Pop sensation and SB19 leader Pablo as the newest Earth Hour Music Ambassador.

With the theme “Switch off Plastic Pollution, Give an Hour for Earth,” this year’s Earth Hour in the Philippines will be celebrated at the Kartilya ng Katipunan on March 23. Gates to the show will open starting at 4:30 PM, while the switch-off will happen from 8:30 PM to 9:30 PM.

Earth Hour 2024 Celebration in Manila Event Poster
WWF-Philippines

In a press statement, Earth Hour Philippines’ National Director Atty. Angela Consuelo Ibay said that Pablo was chosen as the event’s music ambassador because he represents “the passion and resilience of Filipinos.”

“As SB19’s songwriter, creative director, and CEO of their label, Pablo has masterfully infused his music with Filipino culture, flavor, and style,” she added.

Aside from Pablo, other performers gracing the event are Ched and Lirah Bermudez. Prior to the ceremonial switch-off, a sustainability fair will be set up for Earth Hour 2024’s partner social enterprises and non-government organizations (NGOs).

The event will also kick off the Earth Hour Virtual Run, an initiative by Pinoy Fitness that aims to support WWF-Philippines' efforts.

Earth Hour 2024 marks the 16th year since its launch in the Philippines in 2008. Over 190 countries are expected to join this year’s switch-off ceremony.

To learn more about Earth Hour 2024, visit WWF-Philippines’ website or give its Facebook, Instagram, and X (formerly Twitter) pages a follow.

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